About Atheism and Atheists:

A new name for Atheists.
Percentage of Atheists in the U.S.,
Canada, and the rest of the world,
according to conventional polling:

A new, tongue-in-cheek, name for Atheists:

Paul Geisert and Mynga Futrell of California decided to create a new word for "Atheists," in order to encourage them to come out of the closet in spite of the heavy prejudice against them. Taking a cue from persons with a homosexual orientation and their embracing of the term "gay," Geisert and Futrell suggest that "bright" become a synonym for "Atheist." Richard Dawkins wrote in The Guardian: "People reluctant to use the word 'atheist' might be happy to come out as 'bright'." ₉

An overview of the number and percentage of Atheists, mainly in the U.S. and Canada, according to conventional polling:

Most estimates of the numbers of Atheists are hopelessly inaccurate and almost meaningless:

	According to the 2001 World Almanac, Atheists numbered at the time: 121 million in Asia 56 million in the former USSR 23 million (3.5%) in Europe 2.7 million in Latin America 1.6 million (0.5%) in North America 0.4 million in Oceania 0.4 million in Africa 8
	American Atheists have claimed that almost 30 million Americans are Atheists. They define "Atheist" broadly to include those who firmly believe that no God exists, those that have no belief in God, and those for whom the term "God" has no meaning. This is a broad enough definition to include what some others call Atheists and Agnostics. 30 million individuals would amount to about 9% of the total population.
	According to the 1991 Canadian Census, there were only 13,515 Atheists in Canada out of a population that was almost 30 million! This would be on the order of 0.045% of the total population! However, this number cannot be an accurate value. Many Atheists probably identified themselves to the census taker as Humanists, Free thinkers, Unitarians, Ethical Culturalists, persons of no religion, as NOTAs (NOT Affiliated with a religion) etc. Other Atheists probably lied and identified with an organized religion because they did not want to reveal their true beliefs to a stranger asking very personal questions over the telephone.
	A Canadian Angus-Reid poll taken in the mid-1990's studied people's religious beliefs. They found that about 14% of Canadians admit to being Atheists. That would include about 4 million adults in the country. The pollsters found out, apparently to their embarrassment, that Atheists formed the largest single faith belief in Canada. So they split the group into two sub-classifications: real Atheists, and Atheists who attend religious services. By this trick, they made certain that a Christian classification became the largest category.
	The Graduate Center of the City University of New York conducted the American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) in 2001. It was a massive study involving the interview of over 50,000 adults. They estimate that 902,000 (0.4%) of Americans identify themselves as Atheists. The number of Atheists makes them the fifth largest religious classification, after Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism.
	The Gallup Organization regularly finds that about 93% of the 228.2 million American adults (excluding those in Alaska and Hawaii) believe in either a personal God or some "higher power." This source is often quoted incorrectly by the some media outlets as stating that over 90% of Americans believe in a personal God.
	The ARIS study was repeated during 2008. They asked American adults with which religion, if any, they identified themselves. Only 1.6% of American adults call themselves either Atheist or Agnostic. The pollsters then asked the respondents about their belief, if any, in God. They found: Only 70% of Americans believe in a personal God. 12% are either Atheists (do not believe in God's existence) or Agnostics (do not know whether a personal God exists). This totals about 27 million adults, which is close to the American Atheists' inclusive estimate for Atheists. 12% are Deists; they believe in a distant higher power but not a personal God. They view God as the creator who established the physical laws of the universe, started it up, left the scene and hasn't been seen since. It is worth noting that the vast majority persons with Deist beliefs have never heard of the terms "Deist" or "Deism." They represent a great, untapped opportunity for some publicity agency to exploit.

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2005 & 2012 worldwide survey of Atheists living in 45 countries:

A massive study of religiosity and Atheism was conducted during 2005 and again during 2012 by WIN-Gallup International. ₁₁

Pollsters asked the question:

"Irrespective of whether you attend a place of worship or not, would you say you are a religious person, not a religious persons, or a convinced atheist?

The question is somewhat ambiguous because:

• Some Atheists consider themselves religious, who align with the beliefs of Unitarian Universalists, Wiccans or other Neo pagans. How they answered the polling agency's questioning is anyone's guess.
  
  
• Agnostics -- those who neither believe nor disbelieve in the existence of a deity and who often believe that we cannot know about God's existence do not fit neatly into any of the three classifications. They might choose any of the three options.

The world-wide average responses to the question were:

• 59% consider themselves to be "a religious person;"
• 23% "not a religious person;"
• 13% "a convinced Atheist;"
• 5% didn't know or didn't respond.

The percentage of Atheists varied greatly by education:

• 7% of those with no or only a basic education, and
• 10% of those with secondary school education, and
• 19% of those who had post-secondary education admitted that they are Atheists.

The percentage of Atheists was also sensitive to income:

• 7% of those in the bottom quintile (20%),
• 9% in the second quintile,
• 15% in the third quintile,
• 20% in the fourth quintile, and
• 19% in the highest quintile are Atheists.

Age was not a significant factor, until adults exceed 65 years-of-age when perhaps end-of-life issues became a major personal concern:

• 12% of those under 30 years-of-age, and
• 14% of those 30 to 65, and
• 8% of those over 65 are Atheists.

References used:

The following information sources were used to prepare and update the above essay. The hyperlinks are not necessarily still active today.

1. "Introduction," American Atheists, at: http://www.atheists.org/
2. "Webster's New World Dictionary; 3rd college edition," Page 86
3. "Atheism," American Atheists, at: http://www.atheists.org/ 
4. Liz Burcin, "American Atheists in Pennsylvania," at: http://www.geocities.com/
5. "Atheist and Agnostic Quotes" at: http://www.math.unl.edu/
6. "George Bush: Citizen's quote," at: http://bennyhills.fortunecity.com/
7. "Supreme Court Cases: Emerson v. Board of Education, 1947," at: http://www.phschool.com/
8. The World Almanac and Book of Facts (2001), Page 692.
9. Michael Kesterton, "Social Studies: A daily miscellany of information..." The Globe and Mail, 2003-JUL-2. Online at: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/
10. American Religious Identification Survey [ARIS 2008]," Trinity College, 2009-MAR, at: http://b27.cc.trincoll.edu/
11. "Global Index of Religiosity and Atheism - 2012: Press Release: Table 4: Trends in Atheism index among 39 countries surveyed in both waves," WIN-Gallup International, 2012-JUL-25, at: http://redcresearch.ie/
    
    
12.  Sam Harris, "The moral landscape: How science can determine human values," Free Press, (2011). Read hundreds of reviews and/or order this book safely from Amazon.com online book store
13. Pamela Whissel, "Hiding in Plain Sight," American Atheist, 2nd Quarter 2017, Page 31. Can be downloaded at no cost at: https://www.scribd.com/
14. "American Religious Identification Survey," by The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, at: http://www.gc.cuny.edu/faculty/research_studies/aris.pdf
15. Brian Resnick, "How many American atheists are there really?," Vox, 2017-MAY-17, at: https://www.vox.com/

Copyright © 1996 to 2018, by Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance
Latest update: 2018-SEP-23
Author: B.A. Robinson

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