Definitions used by some of the larger fundamentalist, other
evangelical
and religiously conservative organizations, like the Roman Catholic Church, American Family Association, Christian Coalition, the
Family Research Council, Focus on the Family, Promise Keepers, Traditional Values Coalition, etc.,
with
Definitions used by other groups and individuals -- including most
progressive, mainline & liberal Christians, followers of other religions'
liberal and mainline wings, persons who don't identify
themselves with any religion, humanists, Unitarian Universalists, therapists and counselors,
human sexuality researchers, social service workers, gays,
lesbians & bisexuals, transsexuals, civil
rights advocates, and others.
These definitions tend to reflect closely the group's or individual's beliefs
about the nature of homosexuality: whether it is:
A behavior or an innate nature,
Chosen or unchosen,
Changeable or fixed,
A preference or an orientation,
Intrinsically immoral or immoral under certain circumstances (like
heterosexuality)
These definitions also reflect their beliefs about the nature of the family,
the nature of marriage, and gender roles -- if any -- assigned by themselves or
by their faith group:
Whether only those families headed by one female and one male should be
recognized by the state.
Whether marriage is a civil institution, a religious ritual, a sacrament
or sine combination.
Whether SSM will have a negative impact on opposite-sex marriage.
Whether the sole purpose of marriage is procreation.
Whether allowing same-sex couples to marry will increase the number of
homosexuals in the future.
Whether parents must be of opposite genders in order for their children to
develop properly into mature adults.
The terms that people use, and the precise meanings that they assign to terms, automatically bias the discussion in one
direction or another. This often makes dialogue difficult or impossible.
Attitudes towards SSM In North America differ:
Canada: There is very little conflict among Canadians since
SSM was legalized in its 10 provinces and three
territories in mid-2005. The Globe and Mail -- Canada's national
newspaper -- published a timeline of SSM in that country. They have 18 essays
describing activities during 2005 and before. But the only entry for 2006
described an unsuccessful attempt by the Conservative Party to reopen debate
on SSM. The only entry for 2007 described two marriages of gay politicians.
There is no entry for 2008 and 2009. SSM appears to have become an integrated part of
Canadian culture.
U.S.: Beliefs among Americans are in
a state of flux -- similar to the divisions within religious groups in the 19th
century about human slavery, in the 1960s about racial
segregation, and in recent decades over equal rights for
women. Perhaps the closest comparison to the current debate over same-sex
marriage is the topic of interracial marriage:
The first court to overturn an anti-miscegenation law was, predictably,
the California Supreme Court in 1948.
The U.S. Supreme court legalized inter-racial marriage across the U.S. in
1967 with its ruling in the ironically named case Loving v. Virginia.
It wasn't until 1991 that those Americans opposed to same-sex
marriage became a minority.
Almost three decades after such marriages became legal, the controversy
has largely died down.
Whether the same path will be followed for SSM is anyone's guess.
Comparison:
Common evangelical usage
Usage by others
Comments
Homosexual marriage
Gay marriage
Same-sex marriage (SSM)
Gay marriage
Some same-sex marriages involve bisexuals, so we recommend
"Same-sex marriage."
"Marriage"
Marriage
Using quotation marks indicates evangelical denigration of the status same-sex
married couples.
"Traditional marriage."
"Natural marriage" "True marriage," etc.
"Protecting traditional marriage."
"Preserve the sanctity of marriage."
"Promoting natural marriage" "Battle to save marriage"
"Defending true marriage," etc.
Restrict marriage to one man and one women, thus preventing gays
and lesbians in committed relationships from enjoying the 1,400 or so benefits
given by state and federal governments to married couples.
"Protecting traditional marriage" often has the
side-effect of reducing loving committed same-sex couples to the status of
roommates, and their children to the status of illegitimacy, with immense loss
of protections and rights.
"undermine the institution of the family"
1
Extend benefits enjoyed by married couples to gays, lesbians,
and heterosexual couples who live together in loving, committed relationships.