
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT;
THE DEATH PENALTY Summary of executions in the U.S.
Year 2000

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Misinformation of the year: |
"The United States is the only country in the industrialized world that
still executes anyone, and executing children puts us in the company of
Somalia -- only Somalia." Rosalynn Carter, in a speech before the
American Bar Association at its 2002 Annual Conference.
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In reality:
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Japan is an industrialized nation and executed six inmates in 1996. The
death penalty is still on their books. Some of the inmates on death row have "been
imprisoned for many years....often in total isolation." For them, death
might be a blessing. 1
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The Democratic Republic of Congo, Iran,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and 22 states in the U.S. are able to execute
people who were children at the time of their crime.
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The U.S. does not execute children. Twenty-two states can try 16 and 17
year-old children for murder and place them in storage on death row until they
reach 18. Then, as adults, they can be murdered at any time. |
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Quotation:
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"The practice of executing such offenders is a relic of the past and is
inconsistent with evolving standards of decency in a civilized society."
Statement by U.S. Supreme Court Justices Breyer, Ginsburg and Souter, referring to a sentence of
death for juvenile offenders.
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Overview:The United States is one of the very few industrialized countries in the
world which continues to execute criminals. Its worldwide reputation continues
to suffer because of the continuing executions, and in particular because some
states execute criminals who were children at the time of their offense, or who
have a low IQ, or who are mentally ill. 
Trends in executions:The number of prisoners on death row who were murdered in 2002 increased
slightly over 2001. However, the long-term trend appears to be downward. Future
numbers are expected to drop because there has been a significant reduction in
new death sentences in recent years.
Number of U.S. executions |
Value |
Year 1999 |
98 |
Year 2000 |
85 |
Year 2001 |
66 |
Year 2002 |
71 |
Average per year since 1976 |
29 |
Total executions since 1976 |
820 |

Regional distribution of executions:The death penalty is the U.S. is mainly applied in Southern states, as shown in
the table below. States with the death penalty have consistently had a much higher homicide rate
that those states without the death penalty. Those who promote abolition of
capital punishment often point to the homicide rate as evidence that the death
penalty is ineffective as a deterrent, and may even be counterproductive. Those
who support the death penalty often point to the same data as evidence that the
death penalty is badly needed in their states to prevent the murder rate from
being even higher.
Region |
Percentage of executions |
Homicide Rate, 2001* |
South |
86% |
6.7 |
Midwest |
13% |
? |
West |
1% |
? |
Northeast |
0% |
4.2 |
* The homicide rate is measured per 100,000 persons during 2001. And by comparison:

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Leading death penalty states during 2002:Texas, once again, is in a class by itself.
Region |
Number executions |
Percentage of executions |
Texas |
33 |
46.4% |
Oklahoma |
7 |
9.9% |
Missouri |
6 |
8.4% |
Georgia |
4 |
5.6% |
Virginia |
4 |
5.6% |
Florida |
3 |
4.2% |
South Carolian |
3 |
4.2% |
Ohio |
3 |
4.2% |
Alabama |
2 |
2.8% |
North Carolina |
2 |
2.8% |
Mississippi |
2 |
2.8% |
California |
1 |
1.4% |
Louisiana |
1 |
1.4% |
DC & 38 states |
0 |
0.0% |

Execution of child criminals: "For the second straight year, Texas was the only state to execute
juvenile offenders." 3 Three inmates who were under 18 at
the time of their offense were murdered by the state. "Of the 21 juvenile
offenders executed in the U.S. since the death penalty was reinstated, 13 (62%)
have been in Texas." 3 
Additional data for the year 2002:Many prisoners on death row awaiting execution have been proven innocent and
released -- largely due to DNA evidence.
Item |
Value |
Number of U.S. executions - 2002 |
71 |
Number of death row inmates exonerated and freed - 2002 |
4 |
Number of death row inmates exonerated and freed - 1973 to
2002 |
102 |
Number of inmates on death rows |
3,697 |
Percentage of female inmates |
1.5% |

Future trends: |
In spite of the slight increase in U.S. executions between 2001 and
2002, the number of new death sentences decreased significantly. They
totaled 155 during the year 2002. This compares with an average of 296
death sentences per year between 1994 and 2000. |  |
The
Washington Post commented in late 2002 that "outside of a few
states, the death penalty remains in decline....a few states account for
the overwhelming majority of all executions. The more isolated they
become, the greater the pressure for reform will be." 1,2
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In 2002, Maryland became the second state (after Illinois) to
recently declare a moratorium on executions. Unlike the moratorium in Illinois
which was based on the large number of death row inmates found to be
innocent, the Maryland decision was based on the unusually large number
of blacks on death row, and the almost exclusive use of the death
penalty against criminals who kill white victims. The governor-elect,
Robert Ehrlich, Jr., (R) has
said that he will lift the moratorium in 2003-JAN. 3
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During 2002:
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The Philippine government declared a moratorium on executions. |
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Turkey, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and Cyprus abolished
the death penalty. 3
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References:
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"Japan: The death penalty: Summary of Concerns," Amnesty
International, at:
http://www.web.amnesty.org/
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"Worth repeating: The year on America's death row," Toronto
Star, Toronto, Canada, 2003-JAN-1, editorial page. Edited excerpt from an
editorial in the Washington Post: "The Year in Death," 2002-DEC-30,
Page A16, Section B.
-
The Death Penalty in 2002: Year End Report," The Death Penalty
Information Center, at:
http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/yrendrpt02.pdf This is a PDF
file. If you need software to read these files, it can be obtained free from:


Copyright © 2003 by Ontario Consultants on Religious
Tolerance
Originally written: 2003-JAN-1
Latest update: 2003-JAN-1
Author: B.A. Robinson 

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