Definitions of the term "sexual orientation"
by conservative Christians, mental health professionals, and others
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Conflicting definitions of "sexual orientation:"
There are two main viewpoints on what the term "sexual orientation:" means:
Gays, lesbians, bisexuals, religious liberals, therapists, human sexuality
researchers generally define sexual orientation by feelings of affection and
sexual attraction. Most agree that sexual orientation includes only three types
heterosexuality: attraction to members of the opposite sex
bisexuality: attraction to both men and women, although not
necessarily to the same degree
homosexuality: attraction to members of the same sex.
Most religious conservatives define "sexual orientation" in terms of
behavior.-- what a person does. Some define the term very broadly to include as many
as 30 classifications, including incest, bestiality, necrophilia, sexual
exhibitionism, etc. Since sexual behavior almost always occurs between two
persons who are either of the same sex or opposite sex, religious
conservatives have need of only two orientations. They often ignore the
bisexual category.
Needless to say, this difference in definition creates a great deal of
confusion:
Consider a person with homosexual feelings who decides to be celibate.
Under the second definition, they would be considered to be ex-homosexual;
under the first definition, they would be considered an sexually inactive
homosexual.
Consider a person with bisexual feelings who decides to only enter
relationships with members of the opposite gender. Under the second
definition, they would be considered an ex-homosexual; under the first
definition, they would be considered an sexually active bisexual.
These two decisions are often used by religious and social conservatives as
proof that homosexuals can "change."
This essay compares and contrasts different sets of meanings for "sexual
orientation." Throughout the rest of this web site, we use the definitions
used by the American Psychiatric Association, and all other major associations
in the mental health field.