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 | The Apostles' Creed, was written about the 4th century CE by unknown
author(s).
The church incorrectly attributed its authorship to the Apostles:
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| The Nicene Creed, adopted at the Council of Nicea in 325 CE:
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| The Athanasian Creed was written by an unknown author in Gaul about 450 CE:
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| The Small Catechism of Martin Luther of 1529 CE:
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| The Augsburg Confession This was the first Protestant confession, written by Philip Melanchthon, and presented to Charles V, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530 CE. Article III states: "Also they teach that the Word, that is, the Son of God...truly suffered, was crucified, dead, and buried...He also descended into hell, and truly rose again the third day; afterward He ascended into heaven that He might sit on the right hand of the Father..." 1 |
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The early Christian church coalesced into three distinct movements:
| The Jewish Christians centered in Jerusalem under the leadership of James, the brother of Jesus. Most were killed and scattered after the attack on Jerusalem by the roman Army in 70 CE. |
| The Gnostic Christians |
| Those early followers of Christ who wrote the Gospel of Q, starting circa 50 CE, seem to have been unaware of the resurrection of Jesus. The event was not included in their writings. |
| Gnostics believe that prior to the crucifixion, Jesus swapped
bodies with "with an innocent bystander named Simon"
3
This is described in one of their sacred texts, "The Acts of John". It
was written about 50 CE; it was widely followed by Christian groups in the early years of
the Christian church and is revered by Gnostic Christians today. The document was
suppressed by the Church in the 8th century CE. In the Acts, the disciple John
flees from the scene of the execution and is amazed to meet Christ on the top of a
mountain overlooking the crucifixion scene. The author wrote: 4 Another Gnostic text, The Gospel of Mary described how Mary Magdalene became the first Christian pastor in history. She delivering a passionate sermon to the demoralized disciples of Jesus. The gospel describes how this raised their spirits and inspired them to evangelize the known world. |
| Followers of the ancient Doceitism heresy believed that Christ was not housed in a human body. He was a phantasm, specter or ghost which merely looked human. Today we might use the term hologram. Thus he was not crucified, did not die and was not resurrected. |
References:
- Philip Melanchthon, "Augsburg Confession" (1530 CE) is at: http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/
- Martin Luther, "The Small Catechism (1529 CE) is at: http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/luther/
- Mather & Nichols, Dictionary of Cults, Sects, Religions and the Occult, Zondervan (1993), P. 331-332
- The Gnostic view, and quotations from "Acts of John" can be seen at: http://www.enemies.com/newtestament/agentchrist/
- William Barnstone, Ed., "The Other Bible", Harper San Francisco, CA, (1984) Page 418-20
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Home page > Christianity > Christian history, etc > Beliefs > Resurrection > here |
Copyright © 1998 to 2003 incl. by Ontario Consultants on
Religious Tolerance
Essay last updated: 2003-MAR-30
Written by. B.A. Robinson
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